Have you ever noticed a loved one with dementia struggling to pour a drink without spilling, missing the chair when trying to sit down, or hesitating to step onto a dark-colored rug? These moments can be confusing and even dangerous. They aren’t a matter of clumsiness, but are often the result of visual-spatial difficulties in dementia.
Dementia alters the way the brain processes what the eyes see. This can make it harder for someone to judge distances, navigate their surroundings, or recognize familiar objects. It’s important to understand these challenges so you can create a safer, more supportive environment for the person you love.
What Are Visual-Spatial Abilities?
Visual-spatial skills help us interpret the world around us. These abilities allow us to:
- Judge distances and depths (like knowing how far away a step is)
- Recognize objects and faces
- Navigate spaces (like walking through a room without bumping into furniture)
- Perceive contrast and distinguish between different colors
- When dementia affects these skills, even everyday activities can become confusing or frustrating.
Signs of Visual-Spatial Difficulties in Dementia
If your family member is experiencing visual-spatial difficulties, you might notice:
Trouble navigating familiar places: They may get lost, even in their own home.
Misjudging distances: They might reach for something and miss, or struggle to step over curbs.
Difficulty recognizing objects: They could mistake a shadow for a hole or be unable to identify common items.
Spilling drinks or knocking things over: Depth perception issues can make pouring and handling objects tricky.
Fear of walking on patterned or dark surfaces: Some people with dementia perceive these as holes or obstacles.
How to Help a Loved One With Visual-Spatial Changes
While you can’t reverse these challenges, you can make adjustments to improve safety and ease frustration.
Improve lighting. Good lighting reduces shadows and makes objects easier to see. Use natural light during the day and add soft, even lighting in the evening to minimize glare and harsh contrasts.
Simplify spaces. Too much clutter can make it difficult to navigate a room. Clear pathways, remove tripping hazards, and arrange furniture in a way that promotes easy movement.
Use contrasting colors. Dementia can make it hard to distinguish between objects of similar colors. Use contrasting colors for furniture, tableware, and bathroom fixtures to help things stand out. For example, a white plate on a dark placemat is easier to see than a white plate on a white table.
Mark stair edges and transitions. Stairs and changes in flooring can be tricky. Placing colored tape on stair edges or using rugs with clear, non-slip borders can help define safe walking areas.
Encourage safe navigation. If the person struggles with getting around, guide them gently and encourage movement in familiar areas. If they get anxious, provide reassurance and avoid rushing them.
Adapt everyday tasks. If pouring drinks leads to spills, try using a cup with a lid and straw. If they have trouble recognizing food on a plate, use solid-colored dishes to provide contrast. Small adjustments can make daily activities much easier.
Be patient and reassuring. Changes in visual-spatial abilities can be frustrating and disorienting. Offer calm encouragement, validate their feelings, and remind them that they are safe.
Find Support for a Safer, More Comfortable Life
Partner with a care provider with deep knowledge in the nuances of dementia, like Home Health Companions. We’re here to help those with dementia live safe, comfortable lives at home, and to provide peace of mind and reassurance to family members. We’re pleased to serve older adults with dementia in Southlake, Highland Park, Westlake, and nearby communities. Call us at 214-295-8213 to learn more about how we can support your family.