The term urinary incontinence refers to unintentional urinary leakage caused by a variety of underlying factors. And because this is such a basic body function, any changes can create discomfort and embarrassment. Even talking about it is uncomfortable, and so the immediate response is often to ignore it.
However, urinary incontinence is a common issue for many, particularly due to specific medical conditions and aging. According to the Urology Care Foundation, “…about 1 out of 2 women and 1 out of 4 men, suffer from urinary incontinence symptoms.”
No one needs to endure this on their own, however, because there are many treatments available today. And when people are provided straightforward information, they are able to make the decisions that help improve their quality of their life and resolve or manage the situation without any more embarrassment or discomfort.
We believe that’s what everyone deserves. For that reason, we’ve compiled this FAQ article for urinary incontinence.
What is urinary incontinence and when should I see a doctor?
Urinary incontinence occurs when a person leaks urine unintentionally. You’ve seen the ads for panty liners and special underwear to protect against this leakage, if you don’t use those products already. These are mostly aimed toward women who deal with stress urinary incontinence caused by a cough or sneeze, which places immediate pressure on the bladder.
The National Institute of Aging distinguishes incontinence into three more categories, including:
- Urge (a sudden need to go that you can’t control)
- Overflow (leakage caused by a constantly full bladder)
- Functional (leakage when you can’t get to the toilet because of another condition)
Sometimes, incontinence is temporary and resolves quickly (if the reason is due to an infection such as a UTI). However, if the symptoms persist, seeing a physician is essential to help resolve the situation.
What are the common causes of urinary incontinence?
For women over 50, the most common source of incontinence is weak rectal and bladder muscles due to menopause and childbirth. For men, an enlarged prostate might be the cause. But you won’t know for sure what is causing your symptoms until you see a physician.
How will the doctor determine the cause of my urinary incontinence?
The first step will be an interview. Your doctor will inquire about your medications, lifestyle habits, diet and other medical conditions. Tests such as a cough stress test and bladder ultrasound may be deployed to gauge the type of incontinence you’re dealing with as well.
Will surgery be the only option?
Surgery will not be the first or only option. Most likely you’ll have behavioral changes to try before you’d consider a surgical procedure. For example, your doctor may recommend losing some weight, monitoring your liquid intake or reducing or stopping alcohol or caffeine consumption.
You may be asked to keep a diary of your urinary frequency for a time, too, or perhaps work to train your bladder with timed restroom intervals. For many incontinence issues, there are actions that could resolve the matter so that surgery can be delayed or dismissed.
Will I have to take more medicines?
There are some medications that can tighten the bladder muscle or improve bladder void. You will want to consider these medications with your physician once you’ve exhausted other possible treatments and behavioral changes.
What are products I can purchase to guard against embarrassment due to incontinence?
In addition to the absorbent products (including liners and disposable underwear), there are indwelling and intermittent catheters available. More solutions come onto the market each year to provide choices so that people can continue to lead active lives. Be sure to discuss these solutions with your physician to determine the products best for your needs.
Who should I see beyond my doctor?
If your incontinence is caused by more complex issues, you’ll want to ask your doctor about seeing a specialist.
For men, you can ask about visiting with a urologist who specializes in diseases of the urinary tract and male reproductive system.
Women might ask for a referral to a pelvic floor therapist who works on rehabilitation of pelvic muscles. With the help of a therapist, you’ll work through understanding the current condition of your pelvic floor and learn the exercises—including Kegels—to do to help strengthen and improve muscle elasticity. Women may also discuss their incontinence concerns with their gynecologist for suggestions and referrals as well.
What is the most common surgical procedure for incontinence?
Once you’ve exhausted other actions, you might decide you’re ready to address your incontinence with surgery. The procedure will depend on the cause, but most common is a sling surgery where either your own tissue or synthetic material is used to support a prolapsed bladder or urethra.
Urinary incontinence is common, but it is understandable that people emotionally delay in seeking treatment. However, once you address the issue, you’ll begin to feel you’re on the path to better days without the nuisance or embarrassment. Talk to your physician and obtain the information you need to take action and do what is right for you.
Bibliography:
https://www.urologyhealth.org/urologic-conditions/urinary-incontinence
https://www.nia.nih.gov/health/urinary-incontinence-older-adults